Rather than post up another entry bemoaning my on going trials (and trust me they are ongoing), I decided to write something up about trials past. Namely the procedure known as a heart biopsy. A myocardial heart biopsy is the definitive procedure used to determine if a transplanted heart is showing any sign of rejection.
A heart biopsy is a test in which small pieces of tissue are taken from the heart muscle, and examined under a microscope. Now a heart biopsy is not for the faint of heart (no pun intended) generally it supposed to be a relatively pain free procedure, but I know of several people who have to be sedated to deal with it.
When many hear the word biopsy, most think of long needles pushed into the body by a radiologist to retrieve tissue, a heart biopsy is a bit more complicated and invasive.
The Procedure:
• Prior to the biopsy, you asked to NPO, meaning no eating, no drinking. I had a ironically heart breaking experience in the hospital involving being NPO for a biopsy. Much of my time in the hospital I was nauseous an not hungry at all, one morning, however, my appetite came back, for once I was looking forward to breakfast. I waited almost excitedly for them to deliver my cheerios, only to have the nurse come in and announce that I was NPO - I didn't get to eat for another 3 hours.
• At USC the procedure itself happens in one of the fanciest procedure rooms I have ever scene. It involves fluoroscopy, or real-time Xray, thus there is a rather sizeable X-ray machine. The doctor has one of the monitors hooked up the PC, which he typically uses to listen to music on Pandora, which he unfortunately likes to tune to the Coldplay station. I fucking had Coldplay with a passion and I think Chris Martin has to be the douchiest douchebag to ever pick up a guitar outside of Dave Matthews. Luckily Dr. Barr began letting me pick the music after a while - and no I didn't complain.
• For me the procedure is always performed by my cardiothoracic surgeon and post-transplant care provider, Dr. Mark Barr.
• Before they, dig in so to speak, they clean the entry site, which has ad sometimes lead to partial shave, and usually leaves me with a big yellow splotch on my neck from the antiseptic.
• So now the question is, if they not get the tissue with a long-ass needle, then how do they get it. In most cases, a large vein on the right side of my neck (jugular vein) is used. That's right, the go in through the jugular to get to the heart.
• OK so they are going in through the jugular. They ain't doing this without some sort local anesthesia. They started me with straight Novocaine. Well, guess what, after 3 months in the hospital on everything from Vicodin, Morphine and more potent things, they might as well be injecting me with saline. The first couple biopsies were incredibly painful, the second bringing me to tears, all the while, Dr. Barr telling me, this shouldn't hurt, at all. Finally, one of the technologists suggested a drug cocktail using Lidocaine and Sensorcaine. The sensorcaine, seems to make the most difference, someone penetrating to the deeper nerve endings, and subsequent biopsies have been much less painful.
• After the area is numb, a catheter or tube is inserted into my vein. Which is where I get the most discomfort, Dr, Barr is essentially jamming a big plastic tube into my neck and he jams pretty hard.
• A special instrument, called a bioptome, is inserted through the tube and threaded into the heart with the help of fluroscopy. The bioptome is an instrument with small jaws on the end that open and close around small pieces of heart tissue. Once the bioptome secures a piece of tissue the instrument along with the piece of tissue is removed. I usually feel a few extra beats of my heart when the tissue is removed, but last time I could actually feel the bioptome being removed through the heart and vein. It doesn't hurt, per se, but it is surely one of the funkiest sensations I have every had.
• Once the heart tissue is removed, it is sent to the laboratory for study. If there is any evidence for white blood cells attacking the heart muscle, then BINGO, rejection. But guess what, I've had 9 biopsies and not any indication of rejection, and while rejection is possible at anytime, Dr. Barr doubts that I will have issues with it from now on. That's good, I've got enough issues at this point.
Philosophies differ greatly across the country on the number and frequency of heart biopsy, at UCLA a heart transplant will have up to 14 biopsies in the first year and routinely there after. At USC, where I had my heart transplant, however, the heart transplant patients generally get 8 in the first 6-8 months and then none ever again unless you show other signs of rejection. As I said, I've had 9 because a bout of dehydration made them concerned that I was rejecting.
